![]() This was also considered as informed consent. After receiving oral and written information about the study, women filled in the study questionnaire. Annually during the study period, the amount of the deliveries varied from 4698 to 4812 in Hospital District of Southwest Finland. MHCC nurses, carefully instructed by researchers, recruited the women during their routine mid-pregnancy visits between October 2011 and November 2014. More than 99% of women use the public MHCC services during pregnancy in Finland. Women were enrolled from 33 maternity health care clinics (MHCCs) from Turku city area and surrounding municipalities. The severity of NVP symptoms can be evaluated with a simple and validated tool, pregnancy-unique quantification of emesis questionnaire (PUQE), which we thus used in our cohort. Further, we hypothesized that these factors are associated with the severity of NVP. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether previous history of nausea or history of NVP in relatives were associated with an increased occurrence of NVP. In addition, several studies have suggested genetic predisposition to NVP and HG and new data of genetics is emerging. However, this issue is not thoroughly covered in previous literature. Accordingly, women with history of nausea in connection with various events or diseases may be prone to NVP. Mechanisms behind both general nausea and NVP involve vestibular, olfactory, hormonal and gastrointestinal stimuli which are processed in central nervous system. Nausea and vomiting are also reported in relation to the use of oral contraceptives and after anesthesia. Many women experience nausea and vomiting in connection with motion sickness, seasickness, migraine or other kind of headache. Įtiology of nausea in general seems to be multifactorial, and the same applies for the etiology of NVP. In addition, HG is the second most common reason for hospitalization during pregnancy after preterm birth. NVP decreases the quality of life and has major economic influence causing often absence from work. Symptoms vary from mild nausea to severe form of NVP, which is called hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) with excessive vomiting, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and weight loss. ![]() Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) affect up to 80% of women in early pregnancy.
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